Timeline
1948 The State of Israel is established
The first Arab-Israel war begins
1956 Morocco and Tunisia gain independence from France
Egypt seizes the Suez Canal, sparking the Suez Crisis
1957 Ghana gains independence
1967 Israel fights Egypt, Syria, and Jordan in the Six Day War
1973 Egypt and Syria attack Israel in the Yom Kippur War
1978 Egypt and Israel sign the Camp David Accords
1991 A U.S-led coalition forces Iraq out of Kuwait in the Persian Gulf
2003 A U.S-led coalition invades Iraq and forces Saddam Hussein from power
1948 The State of Israel is established
The first Arab-Israel war begins
1956 Morocco and Tunisia gain independence from France
Egypt seizes the Suez Canal, sparking the Suez Crisis
1957 Ghana gains independence
1967 Israel fights Egypt, Syria, and Jordan in the Six Day War
1973 Egypt and Syria attack Israel in the Yom Kippur War
1978 Egypt and Israel sign the Camp David Accords
1991 A U.S-led coalition forces Iraq out of Kuwait in the Persian Gulf
2003 A U.S-led coalition invades Iraq and forces Saddam Hussein from power
French North Africa
- France try to crack down on movements, lead to the guerrilla wars
- French government can't fight in the wars so they negotiate with the nationalist leaders
- Gain independence in 1956
- FLN target French settlers; killed over 100 in one city
- French respond with attacking the Muslims (1,200-12,000 muslims killed)
- Agreement signed by De Gaulle grants Algeria independence in 1962
Creation of Israel
- 1947: after Jewish leader pressed the British for the creation of the Jewish state they give the control of the mandate to the United Nations (UN)
- Passed a partition that divided the Palestine into a Jewish and Arab state with Jerusalem under international control
- David Ben-Gurion declares the birth of the democratic State of Israel on May 14, 1948
- later become Israel's first prime minister
- Day after it declared independence armies from the countries of Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Iraq invade and launch the first Arab-Israeli war
- Arab armies were soundly defeated and negotiated cease-fire agreements in December
- Result: Egypt controlled the Gaza Strip, Transjordan controlled the territory west of the Jordan River, massive refugee problems
Egypt and Iran
- believed that their defeat in the Arab-Israeli war was from the corruption in palace, parliament, and armies of Britain
- Gamal Abdel Nasser led a military coup to consolidate power and forced King Farouk out of power and created a single government party
- after he comes to power he refuses to sign the Baghdad Pact and turns to Czechoslovakia (soviet union) for an arms deal after the western states refused
- begins to nationalize (take control of) the Suez Canal that was owned by Britain and France; celebrated as an act of defiance against western imperialism
- Suez Crisis became a victory for Nasser when the U.S forced the British and French troops from the area
Arab-Israeli conflicts
- 1967: Egyptian troops move into the Sinai peninsula after they have UN troops leave the territory
- Expecting an attack from the Arabs as they close in Israel strikes first with air attacks
- Starts the six day war; Israel takes golan heights, Sinai peninsula, Gaza Strip, West Bank, and East Jerusalem
- Egypt and Syria want to take the land back that they original had so they launch the Yom Kippur War(a surprise attack in 1973)
- israel gets help from the U.S and after weeks of fighting both sides agree to a cease fire
- tensions build in the West Bank and Gaza; boils over into a rebellion, intifada
- opposed the shah for his ties to the west; begin protest with many lead by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini
- Shah flees in 1979; Iranian Revolution where iran becomes an islamic republic and Khomeini as the leader
- iran's foreign policy become strictly anti-western and the government suppressed political opposition and enforced strict social and religious values
- 1958: army officers overthrow Iraq's monarchy and kill Faisal II
- 1968: the nationalist Baath party takes power in Iraq
- 1979: Saddam Hussein (leader of the Baath party) becomes president of Iraq
- 1980: Iraq invades Iran, sparking the Iran-Iraq war
- 1988: after years of stalemate and agreement for cease-fire is reached
- 1990: Iraq invade Kuwait; accused them of drilling in an Iraqi oil field and stealing it
- 1991: a U.S led coalition forces Iraq out of Kuwait in the Persian Gulf War
- September 11, 2001: attack on the U.S; Hussein poses a greater threat afterwards, worried he had deadly weapons
- 2003: U.S overthrows Hussein's government and occupies Iraq
- Morocco and Tunisia
- France try to crack down on movements, lead to the guerrilla wars
- French government can't fight in the wars so they negotiate with the nationalist leaders
- Gain independence in 1956
- Algeria
- FLN target French settlers; killed over 100 in one city
- French respond with attacking the Muslims (1,200-12,000 muslims killed)
- Agreement signed by De Gaulle grants Algeria independence in 1962
Creation of Israel
- 1947: after Jewish leader pressed the British for the creation of the Jewish state they give the control of the mandate to the United Nations (UN)
- Passed a partition that divided the Palestine into a Jewish and Arab state with Jerusalem under international control
- David Ben-Gurion declares the birth of the democratic State of Israel on May 14, 1948
- later become Israel's first prime minister
- Day after it declared independence armies from the countries of Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Transjordan, and Iraq invade and launch the first Arab-Israeli war
- Arab armies were soundly defeated and negotiated cease-fire agreements in December
- Result: Egypt controlled the Gaza Strip, Transjordan controlled the territory west of the Jordan River, massive refugee problems
Egypt and Iran
- A New Government
- believed that their defeat in the Arab-Israeli war was from the corruption in palace, parliament, and armies of Britain
- Gamal Abdel Nasser led a military coup to consolidate power and forced King Farouk out of power and created a single government party
- Suez Crisis
- after he comes to power he refuses to sign the Baghdad Pact and turns to Czechoslovakia (soviet union) for an arms deal after the western states refused
- begins to nationalize (take control of) the Suez Canal that was owned by Britain and France; celebrated as an act of defiance against western imperialism
- Suez Crisis became a victory for Nasser when the U.S forced the British and French troops from the area
Arab-Israeli conflicts
- 1967: Egyptian troops move into the Sinai peninsula after they have UN troops leave the territory
- Expecting an attack from the Arabs as they close in Israel strikes first with air attacks
- Starts the six day war; Israel takes golan heights, Sinai peninsula, Gaza Strip, West Bank, and East Jerusalem
- Egypt and Syria want to take the land back that they original had so they launch the Yom Kippur War(a surprise attack in 1973)
- israel gets help from the U.S and after weeks of fighting both sides agree to a cease fire
- Camp Daivd Accords
- Palestinian Unrest
- tensions build in the West Bank and Gaza; boils over into a rebellion, intifada
- Revolution in Iran
- opposed the shah for his ties to the west; begin protest with many lead by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini
- Shah flees in 1979; Iranian Revolution where iran becomes an islamic republic and Khomeini as the leader
- iran's foreign policy become strictly anti-western and the government suppressed political opposition and enforced strict social and religious values
- Conflict in Iraq
- 1958: army officers overthrow Iraq's monarchy and kill Faisal II
- 1968: the nationalist Baath party takes power in Iraq
- 1979: Saddam Hussein (leader of the Baath party) becomes president of Iraq
- 1980: Iraq invades Iran, sparking the Iran-Iraq war
- 1988: after years of stalemate and agreement for cease-fire is reached
- 1990: Iraq invade Kuwait; accused them of drilling in an Iraqi oil field and stealing it
- 1991: a U.S led coalition forces Iraq out of Kuwait in the Persian Gulf War
- September 11, 2001: attack on the U.S; Hussein poses a greater threat afterwards, worried he had deadly weapons
- 2003: U.S overthrows Hussein's government and occupies Iraq